ASSESSING
PERFORMANCE APPRAISAL TECHNIQUES IN ORGANISATION
(A
case study of Nigerian Bottling Company Plc, Kaduna)
CHAPTER ONE
1.0
INTRODUCTION
1.1 BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY
Organisations uses performance appraisal their strength and
weaknesses and to improve in their operations.
Performance appraisal is defined as the formal
assessment and rating of individual workers by the supervisors and the manager.
In any organisation, manpower remains the most prominent
and the most valuable assets among other factors of production. It is this
reason performance appraisal is given recognition as a tool to improve
organisational activities.
Nigeria Bottling Company Plc (NBC) is a Greek-Own
company with branches in more then 180 countries all over the world including Nigeria.
Nigeria Bottling Company Plc (NBC) which is part of coca-cola
was incorporated in Nigeria
in November, 1951 to bottle and sell carbonated non alcoholic beverages. The
company has the sole franchise to bottle coca-cola products in Nigeria.
Production of coca-cola began in 1853 at a bottling
facility Lagos
and new plants at Kano, Port-Harcourt and Ibadan were opened.
The Nigeria Bottling Company Plc (NBC) became a public
company in 1972 with its shares listed on the Nigerian stock exchange.
Nigeria Bottling Company Plc (NBC) generate it own power
and is self sufficient and it also have its own carbondioxied and water
production. It has it bottling facilities around the country and it uses 82
distributions outlets with the Head quarter at Ebute-metta, Lagos state.
In Nigeria
today, coca-cola is number one bottler of soft drinks, selling more than 20
million bottles per-day this is a figure which is still growing with the
continuing expansion of the existing 18 plants in various parts of the country.
Coca-cola is bottled in Lagos, Ibadan, Part-Harcourt, Anambra, Plateau and
Kware state. Others includes Kaduna, kano and maiduguri
state.
Fanta is by far orange segment and Sprite is the most
widely sold lemon drink in Nigeria
. coca-cola, Fanta and sprite are the more products of the company
Achievement of coca-cola has brought the development of
numbers of sisters industries and there are all contributing to the growth of
the Nigerian economy.
Nigeria Bottling Company plc obtains its bottles from
the Delta Glass company in Ugelli.
The Nigeria Bottling Company Plc (NBC) is a subsidiary
company of leventis group which serves as the parent company. It is established
in 1977 as one grown line plant with 50 staff but it has grown to the line
plant with 240 workforce.
The corporate objectives of Nigeria Bottling Company Plc
(NBC) includes the followings:
i. Product
such as coca-cola, start up to a certain capacity as allocated to each of the
beverage.
ii. Transfer
of technology in beverage production to Nigeria. Creation of employment
opportunities to Nigerian.
iii. Generation
of considerable internal revenue for government through the payment of exercise
duties, import duties and company taxation.
iv. Provision
of varied social responsibilities
v. Presentation
of good public image both in Nigeria
and overseas
1.2
STATEMENT
OF THE PROBLEM
Performance appraisal which is one of the tool used by Nigeria Bottling
Company Plc (NBC) have some draw back which if not properly handled could
destroy an organisation
i.
Worker who are not rewarded
by the management tends to
team up which can lead to unionism
ii.
Rater biases: Some employee
are appraised based on sentiment, cultural differences, sex etc
iii.
Insufficient knowledge of
the appraise: superior are required to conduct the appraisal because of their
hierarchical position.
iv.
Error of central tendency:
This is talking about placing every employee on average performance rather than
appraising them on their contribution or performances.
v.
Error of personal
prejudice: This is talking about appraising employee using the past problem the
worker might have with he supervisor to judge the present performance of the
person (Grudge).
1.3
RESEARCH
QUESTION
From the fore-going, it is clear that employee
performance can be said to be control (Larry) of performance appraisal
techniques.
On the basis of the following hypothesis have been
advanced to address the issues raised in the statement of the problem in order
to verify the objectives of the study
Below are the hypothesis:
Ho: Performance appraisal techniques do not
provide formal management procedure used in the evaluation of work performance
in the organisation.
Hi: Performance appraisal techniques provide
formal management procedure used in the evaluation of work performance in the
organisation.
1.4
OBJECTIVES
OF THE STUDY
The objective of the study include:
i.
To examined the impact of
performance appraisal in the life of employee.
ii.
To identify employee
strength and weaknesses
iii.
To identify training and
developmental needs.
iv.
To provide viable
information for succession planning.
v.
To provide a bases for
rewarding employee in relations to their contribution to the organisation.
vi.
To use as an impetus for
the employee input
1.5
SCOPE
OF THE STUDY
This study is concerned about assessing performance
appraisal techniques in Nigeria Bottling Company Plc in Kaduna state.
The researcher has related the study only to the areas
that are related to the topic such areas are: performance appraisal, Techniques
for performance appraisal etc.
1.6
LIMITATION
OF THE RESEARCH
The short comings of questionnaire are as follows:
Attitude of the respondents; the inapproachable attitude
of some senior employees of the organisation to the researcher may be a problem
to the toughness of the research.
Limited finance has also contributed the researchers’
inability to purchase most of the materials needed for the project
Time:
Due the time constraints, this study is based on company which was not a true
representation of the whole organisations.
The study is also limited to the assessment of
performance appraisal techniques in organisation.
1.7
DEFINITION
OF TERMS
i. Appraisal: To
make a judgment of the value, performance or nature of something
ii. Techniques: This
is the particular way of doing something
iii. Organisation: An
enterprises established by a person or group of individuals, government in
order to provide goods and services for the satisfaction of human needs
iv. Performance Appraisal techniques:
It is the way or particular way that organisation used in appraising their
workers inform of saying thank you.
v. Management: A systematic
process of planning, organizing, directing, coordinating and controlling of
others to achieve organisational goal and objectives.