AN ANALYSIS AND
EFFECT OF INSURGENCY
(A
CASE STUDY OF BORNO STATE IN NIGERIA)
CHAPTER
ONE
INTRODUCTION
1.1
Background
of the study
Insurgencies
has been as old as civilization but became most prominent after the September
11 2001 bombings of the United States by Al-Qaeda. The bombings were carried
out on world trade centre which has adverse effects on the business activities
of America and globally (Rogan 2007).
Other
insurgent’s activities were carried out by other groups such Al-Qaeda in the
Islamic Maghreb of Algeria and Al-Shabaab of Somalia which also affects the
business as well the economy of those countries.
Boko
Haram started as a small radical Sunni Islamic organization with preaching and
a limited support from among the Sufi Islamic communities in the Northeastern
part of Nigeria, the anti-western ideology of the Boko Haram terrorist group,
earn it the concern about its potential relationship with other groups such as
Sunni extremist or terrorist groups elsewhere, including al-Qaeda as well as
al-Qaeda affiliates such as al-Qaeda in the Islamic Maghreb (AQIM) in Algeria
and Mali and Al-Shabaab in Somalia. These groups bomb shopping malls; airports
and business areas, thereby making business environment to collapse (Reuters,
2013).
Like
an array of contemporary terrorist groups throughout history, Boko Haram
started domestically, but over time, its operational capabilities and impact
have grown, spreading like cancer from Borno state to neighboring states such
as Yobe, Adamawa, Bauchi, Kano and even to Abuja, the Federal Capital of
Nigeria and beyond.
It
Attacks Military formations such as army barracks, police stations, immigration
offices, schools and prisons, and more seriously, killing and injuring of both
Christians, Muslims, women and children and most recently abduction and killing
of school children. Markets and motors parks were constantly attacked and banks
frequently robbed thereby forestalling business activities in the affected
areas (This Day Newspaper, 2012).
1.2
Statement of the problem
Borno
State is the only State in Nigeria that is bordered by three countries. These
include Cameroon, Niger and Chad Republic. There is a healthy trade
relationship between the State and her international neighbors. Tones of
grains, livestock and other consumables flow between Borno and her bordering
trading partners. Despite this advantage, the State depends on monthly
allocation from the Federal Government to keep it running. The scenario is
further compounded by insurgency and this has hampered on the socio-economic
development of the organization of Borno State and her immediate neighbors.
The
effect of the insurgency has been far reaching and has affected a whole of
things including the socio economic development of Borno state and the North eastern
part of the country at large.
The
root cause of the insurgency is yet to be unraveled as a lot has been said
about the various causes of insurgency. Discovering the root cause of
insurgency would solve the problem half way.
1.3 Significance of
the study
This study would be useful to government and stakeholders
in solving the persistent problem of insurgency that has crippled the north
eastern economy.
1.4 Objectives of the
study
1. To know
if insurgency have significant socio-economic effect on Bornu state.
2. To
examine the root causes of insurgency in Borno state.
3. To
analyze the effect of insurgency in the socio economic development of Borno.
1.5 Research
questions
1. Does
insurgency have significant socio-economic effect in Bornu state?
2. What are the root causes of insurgency in
Borno state?
3. What is
the effect of insurgency in the socio economic development of Bornostate?
1.6 Research
hypotheses
Ho: Insurgency has no significant socio-economic effect in
Bornu state.
Hi: Insurgency has significant socio-economic effect in Bornu
state.
1.7 Limitations of
the study
The study
was limited by inadequate access to the people Borno state due to fear and
treats that has been imposed on them and for that, strangers are kept on arm’s
length. Other limitations include;
1.
Financial constraint: Insufficient fund tends to impede the
efficiency of the researcher in sourcing for the relevant materials, literature
or information and in the process of data collection (internet, questionnaire
and interview).
2.
Time constraint: The researcher will simultaneously
engage in this study with other academic work. This consequently will cut down
on the time devoted for the research work.
1.8 Scope of the
study
The study
focuses on the analysis of insurgency and how its effect on the people ofBorno
state.
1.9 Definition
of terms
Insurgency: Is a rebellion against authority when
those taking part in the rebellion are not recognized as belligerents.
Borno State:Is a state in north-eastern Nigeria. Its capital is
Maiduguri. The state was formed in 1976 from the split of the North-Eastern
State. Until 1991 it contained what is now Yobe State.
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